It is necessary to maintain the confidentiality of some of our real-world stuff. Likewise, each and everyone's personal data on the web also requires some privacy. If your company's personal information, business strategies, financial strengths, and plans are leaked, it can cause huge damage to the organization's reputation and other aspects. Every data used by individuals within the organization requires an appropriate confidentiality method to ensure that the information is not in the wrong hands. In this chapter, as a security professional, you should have a fair idea of ​​how different tools, concepts, and techniques are used to maintain privacy.



What Is Data Privacy?

Data privacy, which is popularly known as information privacy, is a necessary evil that needs to be taken care of for preserving and protecting employee's or individual's personal data residing over the internet or those collected by any venture, firm, or other third-party organization. Data privacy is considered a significant part of Information Technology Security, which gives assurance to an organization or an individual to settle on the data that has been shared over the internet to other individuals, or servers or to other 3rd party organization is secure and restricted.

Types of Data That Comes Under Online Privacy

Personal or organization-specific data that are sensitive and which can be used maliciously by others are:

  • Financial Privacy.
  • Medical Privacy.
  • Personal Privacy.
  • Online Privacy.
  • Residential and Geographical Records.
  • Political Privacy.

Now the question is how this private and sensitive data can be preserved while transferring from one host to another or from sender to receiver?

Tools Used for the Protection of Data Security and Privacy

Here is the list of tools that you must use as a security professional. You might have to monitor them for updates and checking for vulnerabilities so that your organization and employees stay safe with their data. These are:
  • Virtual Private Network (VPN).
  • Proxy Servers.

Let us get into a little more detail about these topics.

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

It is a collaborative mechanism and program that helps in creating a safe, encrypted connection over a less secure data communication channel. Its security measures ensure that the data's integrity, confidentiality, and user authentication are maintained. List of some popular VPNs are:

  1. ExpressVPN.
  2. NordVPN.
  3. IPVanish.
  4. Hotspot Shield.
  5. CyberGhostconfigurability.
  6. TunnelBear.
  7. Windscribe.
  8. VyprVPN.

These programs are installed in the system to maintain privacy with the help of security procedures and tunneling protocols incorporated in these VPNs.

There are different types of VPNs, such as:

  • Remote accessing VPNs.
  • Site-to-Site VPNs.
  • Hardware VPNs.
  • Mobile VPNs.
  • Dynamic Multipoint VPNs.

Proxy Servers

Proxy Servers are also used for security purposes as they act as an entrance between the user and the internet. It acts as an intermediary server that separates end-users from directly accessing any website they surf. There are various functionalities of a proxy server working, providing security and privacy, and all of these depend on the use case, employee requirements, or company policy.

So How It Works?

When you are browsing through a proxy server, all of your internet traffic streams through that proxy server to that particular address you've requested, and the response comes back to that same proxy server. The proxy server then moves ahead of those response data received from that particular website to the user who is using that proxy server.



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